Tentoonstelling J. W. Bilders in Kleef

Johannes Warnardus Bilders: Bezield landschap

19 februari t/m 25 juni 2017 in het B.C. Koekkoek-Huis te Kleef.

De in Utrecht geboren Johannes Warnardus Bilders (Utrecht 1811-1890 Oosterbeek) geldt als voorloper van de zogenoemde Haagse School van het vroege Nederlandse impressionisme. In 70 schilderijen, tekeningen en grafiek zal het oeuvre van deze tijdgenoot van Koekkoek uit Nederland voor het eerst in Duitsland worden gepresenteerd.

Bilders kreeg zijn eerste tekenlessen aan de stedelijke Tekenschool en werd lid van de kunstvereniging „Kunstliefde“. Les in schilderen heeft hij nooit gehad, hij leerde het vak door zijn contacten met collega-schilders en het bestuderen van de toonaangevende kunstenaars van zijn tijd, zoals bijvoorbeeld B.C.Koekkoek. In 1839 ondernam hij een reisje naar Duitsland en ontdekte, samen met een bevriend kunstenaar, het rivierlandschap van Rijn en Ahr. Tot 1859 volgden er nog vele verdere studiereizen naar het buurland, aan de Rijn, naar Wiesbaden (waar hij koning Willem III bezocht) en naar het Zwarte Woud.

Vanuit Utrecht ging hij ook vaak naar Gelderland om er te werken, zoals in het jaar 1840 in de omgeving van Beek en 1841 voor het eerst naar Oosterbeek bij Arnhem. Hij was zo ingenomen van die plaats met zijn heidevelden en oeroude bomen, dat hij al in het daaropvolgende jaar besloot zich hier te vestigen. Hier werd hij na verloop van tijd tot een centrale vaderfiguur voor de jonge kunstenaars die eveneens naar Oosterbeek kwamen. In navolging van de Franse kolonie van kunstenaars die in de buitenlucht schilderden werd Oosterbeek later het „Nederlandse Barbizon“ genoemd. Het late werk van Bilders weerspiegelt iets van het voorbeeld van deze Franse schilderkunst, ook al is Bilders nooit in Frankrijk geweest. Met zijn zoon Gerard samen zonden zij hun werk in naar verschillende wereldtentoonstellingen.

1858 verhuisde Bilders met zijn familie naar Amsterdam. Daar werkte hij mee aan de totstandkoming van de Galerie in Arte et Amicitiae, de belangrijkste Nederlandse kunstvereniging. Uit zijn laatste jaren dateren tekeningen in groot formaat, gemaakt met houtskool of wit en zwart krijt. Na de dood van zijn eerste vrouw en van zijn zoon Gerard leerde Bilders 1880 de schilderes Maria van Bosse kennen, die al langer van hem les had gehad, en keerde in dat jaar terug naar Oosterbeek. Samen ontdekten ze nu de aangrenzende landschappen van de Achterhoek en van de provincies Drente en Groningen. Op 79-jarige leeftijd stierf Bilders in Oosterbeek aan een longontsteking.

Deze tentoonstelling werd mogelijk gemaakt door de samenwerking met het Museum Veluwezoom, Kasteel Doorwerth en het RKD (Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis) in Den Haag. Er verschijnt een catalogus van Jeroen Kapelle en Manon van der Mullen met rijke illustraties en een samenvatting van de tekst in het Duits.

The Rijksmuseum Fellowship Programme

The Rijksmuseum operates a Fellowship Programme for outstanding candidates working on the art and history of the Low Countries whose principal concern is object-based research. The aim of the programme is to train a new generation of museum professionals: inquisitive object-based specialists who will further develop understanding of art and history for the future. The focus of research should relate to the Rijksmuseum’s collection, and may encompass any of its varied holdings, including Netherlandish paintings, sculpture, decorative arts, prints, drawings, photography and historical artefacts. The purpose of the programme is to enable applicants to base part of their research at the Rijksmuseum, to strengthen the bonds between the universities and the Rijksmuseum, and to encourage the understanding of Netherlandish art and history. The programme offers students and academic scholars access to the museum’s collections, library, conservation laboratories and curatorial expertise.

Eligibility

The Rijksmuseum Fellowship Programme provides opportunities for recent graduates (at the Master’s level), as well as doctoral and post-doctoral candidates. The programme is open to candidates of all nationalities and with varied specialisms. They may include art historians, curators, conservators, historians and scientists. Candidates should have proven research capabilities, academic credentials and excellent written and spoken knowledge of two languages (English and preferably Dutch or German). Fellowships will be awarded for a duration ranging from 6-24 months, starting in the academic year 2017-2018. Please review the Rijksmuseum website for detailed information on each individual Fellowship position.

Funding

Fellowship stipends are awarded to help support a Fellow’s study and research efforts during the tenure of their appointment. The stipend amount varies by funding source and Fellowship period. Visit the Rijksmuseum website for further information.

Application and procedure

Please review the eligibility, funding and application requirements by following the link to the Fellowship of your interest:

  • Andrew W. Mellon Fellowship for art historical research –
    Apply here
  • Johan Huizinga Fellowship for historical research –
    Apply here
  • Migelien Gerritzen Fellowship for conservation research – Apply here
  • Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fellowship for photo-historical research – Apply here

The closing date for all applications is 12 March 2017, at 6:00 p.m. (Amsterdam time/CET). No applications will be accepted after this deadline. All applications must be submitted online and in English. Applications or related materials delivered via email, postal mail, or in person will not be accepted.

Selection will be made by an international committee in April 2017. The committee consists of eminent scholars in the relevant fields of study from European universities and institutions, and members of the curatorial and conservation staff of the Rijksmuseum. Applicants will be notified by 1 May 2017. All Fellowships will start in September 2017.

Further information

For questions concerning the application procedure, contact Marije Spek, Coordinator of the Fellowship Programme (m.spek@rijksmuseum.nl), +31 (0)20-6747395.

Congres De Negentiende Eeuw 2016

Kiesrecht en Democratie

Op vrijdag 9 december 2016 houdt de Werkgroep De Negentiende Eeuw haar jaarlijkse congres, deze keer getiteld 'Kiesrecht en democratie'. Het congres vindt plaats in de Doelenzaal van de Universiteitsbibliotheek Amsterdam, Singel 425, Amsterdam.

Thema

12 december 2017 is het exact honderd jaar geleden dat de strijd om het algemeen kiesrecht werd beslecht. Op die dag in 1917 werd op het bordes van het oude stadhuis van Den Haag aan de Groenmarkt door de gemeentesecretaris het algemeen kiesrecht voor mannen en het passief kiesrecht voor vrouwen afgekondigd. Een achteraf gênante twee jaar later, volgde het algemeen kiesrecht voor vrouwen. In België werd in 1921 het algemeen kiesrecht voor mannen ingevoerd, pas in 1948 voor vrouwen.

Met de invoering van het algemeen kiesrecht voor mannen en vrouwen kwam er een einde aan een lange en gecompliceerde discussie over democratie en gelijke rechten, die gedurende de hele negentiende eeuw, niet alleen in de politiek, maar ook daarbuiten was gevoerd. In 1800 had het begrip ‘democratie’ nog allerlei negatieve gevoelens opgeroepen; revolutie, wanorde, geweld en willekeur. Maar een eeuw later, in 1900, had deze ‘associatie met de guillotine’ plaatsgemaakt voor een positieve waardering.

Dit proces was niet louter een kwestie van politieke emancipatie. Culturele, sociale en economische ontwikkelingen speelden eveneens een grote rol in de lange discussie over het algemeen kiesrecht en de uiteindelijke invoering ervan.

Programma

9:30-10:00
Inloop en koffie

10:00-10:15
Opening door dagvoorzitter Wessel Krul

10:15-11:15
Jeroen van Zanten: ‘Inleiding op het thema’
Ulla Jansz: ‘Vrouwenkiesrecht: een omstreden kwestie onder Nederlandse feministen, 1870-1900’

11:15-11:30
Koffiepauze

11:30-13:00
Elisabeth Leijnse: 'De meerderheid in getal is in den regel de minderheid in verstand': Cécile de Jong van Beek en Donk en het algemeen stemrecht’
Aukje van Hout, ‘Wat Geertje overkwam en wat Marijtje ervan docht. Literaire propaganda van de Vereeniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht’
Adriejan van Veen, ‘“Geen gewigter oogenblik dan het tegenwoordige”. Het maatschappelijke debat over en de organisatie van de eerste rechtstreekse Tweede Kamerverkiezingen in 1848’

13:00-14:00
Lunch

14:00-14:15
Informatie over koerswijziging werkgroep en tijdschrift

14:15-14:30
Visueel Intermezzo Eveline Koolhaas-Grosfeld

14:30-16:00
Ido de Haan, ‘Ondemocratische verkiezingen’
Geerten Waling: ‘1848 als “moment van gekte”: democratische experimenten op het Europese continent’
Piet Veldeman, ‘Met stempotlood gewapend? Algemeen stemrecht avant la lettre bij de burgerwacht in België (1830-1914)’

16:00-16:15
Theepauze

16:15-16:45
Flip Kramer, 'Willem Treub en het fin de siècle in de electorale cultuur'

16:45-17:30
Afsluitende opmerkingen Remieg Aerts en slotdiscussie

Toegang en aanmelden

Kosten voor de dag: € 25 (studenten en promovendi € 15) inclusief lunch, ter plekke contant te betalen. Opgeven s.v.p. vóór 2 december 2016 bij de secretaris van de werkgroep, Matthijs Lok: m.m.lok@uva.nl.

De Moderne Tijd 4 (2020) 3-4: ‘Crisis en catastrofe. De omgang met rampen in Nederland in de lange 19de eeuw’

De Moderne Tijd 4 (2020) 3-4: ‘Crisis en catastrofe. De omgang met rampen in Nederland in de lange 19de eeuw’

Lotte JensenDe opmars van Disaster Studies. Nieuwe perspectieven in het rampenonderzoek 147-164
Ruben RosDe opkomst van de ‘nationale ramp’. Een begripsgeschiedenis 165-187
Abstract (EN)
The rise of the ‘national disaster’. A conceptual history.In the early nineteenth century the concept of ‘national disaster’ makes its appearance in Dutch periodicals, marking a rich variety of events, developments and ideas as disastrous for the wellbeing and integrity of the nation. This article shows how the concept of ‘national disaster’ is rooted in changes in the meaning and use of the concept of ‘disaster’. Guided by a computational analysis of Dutch newspaper discourse in the period between 1750 and 1850, the article demonstrates how the concept of ‘disaster’ was increasingly used in political discourse from the early nineteenth century onwards. The politicization of the concept of disaster, and its application to ideas about the public sphere and national territory led to the emergence of the ‘national disaster’.
Erica BoersmaBovenregionale solidariteit bij stads- en dorpsrampen in de achttiende-eeuwse Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden. Het noodhulpbeleid van de hogere overheden 187-206
Abstract (EN)
Super-regional solidarity in city and village disasters in the eighteenth-century Dutch Republic.The historiography of disasters is quite unanimous that the higher authorities in the Dutch Republic had little interest in alleviating local distress. The explanation for this lack of supra-regional solidarity is usually found in the institutional inability of the administratively fragmented Dutch Republic: only after the emergence of a central (nation)state in 1795 did disaster relief become modernized. Most disaster research concerned floods; this article examines city and village disasters. Analysing the policies of the higher authorities on the structural aid to victims, it will show that supra-regional solidarity and aid was not only possible but also frequent in the Dutch Republic. Based on urban disaster policies, this article will suggest some alternative explanations for the lack of supra-regional support in flood disasters.
Arti PonsenHuiselijke relieken. De Leidse buskruitramp (1807) in openbare en particuliere collecties 207-233
Abstract (EN)
Homely relics. The Leiden gunpowder disaster (1807) in public and private collections.On January 12, 1807 part of Leiden’s inner city was devastated by the explosion of an inland boat loaded with gunpowder. About 160 people – mostly women and children – were killed, some 2000 injured. Survivors kept mementoes of their loved ones and of the event itself. Over time, many of these ‘secular relics’ were acquired by museums, others are still with the heirs of their original owners. The article discusses how the Dutch word ‘relic’ lost its religious connotation and how the private provenance of objects relating to the gunpowder disaster differs from the public veneration for national relics of Dutch history and art. The term ‘homely relics’ is proposed as a new subcategory of the ‘secular relics’ defined by Wim Vroom in 1997.
Marita MathijsenTen voordeele van …. Liefdadigheidsuitgaven in de negentiende eeuw 234-258
Abstract (EN)
In favor of…. Charity publications in the nineteenth century.In Dutch history, charity publications were almost entirely a 19th century phenomenon. In this article I provide an overview of this phenomenon. The first publication that I have been able to trace is from 1784, the most recent one from 1930. However there are some predecessors of charity publications. The few studies that have been published about charity literature emphasize their national message. Occasions for charity publications were many and varied. Even so, flood disasters prevail. The most varied genres could be employed for the purpose: theater plays, poetry, sermons, essays, etc. However, poems are in the majority, and it is they in the first place that become the object of criticism. From midcentury onward critical comments become ever fiercer, in particular concerning their quantity and their countless platitudes. What makes the phenomenon typically nineteenth century is the shared mentality behind it. To help out in the case of disasters or poverty was not yet a public matter but rested with privately undertaken initiatives.
Jan Wim BuismanOnweer. Een ramp, een straf of een subliem schouwspel? 259-269
Abstract (EN)
Thunderstorms. A disaster, a dvine punishment, or a sublime spectacle?.Thunderstorms often had disastrous consequences in former times, especially when gun powder magazines were struck. After the invention and implementation of Franklin’s lightning rod, the interpretation of these disasters as divine punishments seemed less obvious. Technology and science changed relations between the concepts of God, nature, and man. Very generally speaking, a religion of fear gave way to a religion of love. Nature was considered less a menace than a friend, a shift subtly foreshadowing the Romantic period. Put in more safe life conditions, man tended to hold more optimistic views of himself and dared to play artistically even with dangerous, sublime subjects such as thunderstorms.
Lotte JensenLiederen als nieuwsbrenger en troostverschaffer. Branden, scheepsrampen en grote internationale catastrofes, 1755-1918 270-293
Abstract (EN)
Singing about fires, shipwrecks and major international catastrophes between 1755 and 1918. Local, national and international solidarity.This article focuses on Dutch songs about three different kind of disasters in the period 1755-1918: fires (which occurred in Dutch villages and cities), ship wrecks (both in the Netherlands and abroad) and other foreign catastrophes, such as the earthquake on Martinique (1839) or the floods in Mexico (1888). This popular genre is an important source to understand how people coped with disasters in the past. They were not only used to spread the news, but also to make sense of the events by offering moral and religious lessons. This article investigates how these different types of disaster songs could shape a shared sense of community on the local, national and international level. While songs about fires were often directed at the local community, ballads about shipwrecks appealed to the imagined Dutch community. Songs about big disasters in foreign places, sometimes aimed at raising international solidarity, but they were more often used to strengthen communal feelings at the national level.
Fons MeijerVorst in het vizier. Nationalisme en de verbeelding van de Oranjes na rampen in de negentiende eeuw 294-320
Abstract (EN)
Looking at the monarch. Nationalism and the representation of Orange monarchs after disasters in the nineteenth century.The nineteenth-century Dutch monarchs from the House of Orange often played a proactive role in the aftermath of major catastrophes, such as storm surges, river floods and destructive explosions. Authors repeatedly praised their commitment afterwards and characterised them as symbols of the nation. In this article I demonstrate that the discourse through which monarchs were celebrated should quintessentially be understood as manifestations of nationalism, that is: these discourses cultivated a national sense of unity and thus popularised a the notion of the Netherlands as a national community. As it turns out, authors commonly cultivated a conservative notion of national community, concentrated around conformist concepts such as unity, hierarchy and moderation.
Ron BrandEmpathie of sensatiezucht? De scheepsramp van de ‘Berlin’ in 1907 en de nasleep ervan 321-336
Abstract (EN)
Empathy or sensationalism? The shipping disaster of the ‘Berlin’ in 1907 and its aftermath.In the early morning of February 21, 1907, during a fierce storm, the ferry ‘Berlin’ crashed on the pier of Hook van Holland. With 128 victims, it still is the largest maritime disaster off the Dutch coast in peacetime. Due to the enormous interest of the population, the media and the Dutch royal house, it became a major media disaster in Dutch history. How did that happen? The disaster occurred at a time when a new era was dawning by the dissemination of many new forms of media, such as film, photography and illustrated magazines. In addition, there was the special attention paid by Prince Hendrik, Queen Wilhelmina’s husband. His arrival in Hook van Holland was unprecedented, because he not only came to watch the rescue attempts, but also actively contributed to it. That made the disaster one with two faces; on the one hand, that of the lower class with the population of Hook of Holland and the brave saviors and, on the other hand, one of the upper class because of the attention paid to Prince Hendrik. All this ensured that the disaster was experienced intensely, more intensely than before.
Hans BeelenBezet door het ijs. De literaire verwerking van onfortuinlijke reizen ter walvisvangst in het rampjaar 1777/78 337-357
Abstract (EN)
Beset by ice. The Dutch literary resonance of unfortunate whaling voyages in the catastrophic year 1777/78.The Greenland whaling catastrophe of the year 1777 resulted in seventeen voyage descriptions, written in five languages over a period of 40 years. Travelogues in Dutch, German and Danish reflect the international character of the eighteenth-century whaling trade. As for the Dutch literary setting, there appear to be great differences in style and processing between printed journals written by surviving seamen and descriptions written by or in collaboration with more or less professional authors.
Alicia Schrikker en Sander TetterooDe koloniale ruimte herbezien. De politiek-culturele beleving van Indonesische natuurrampen in de 19e en vroege 20e eeuw oplossen 358-381
Abstract (EN)
The colonial space revisited. The cultural and political experience of Indonesian natural disasters in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.This contribution analyses the colonial space that encompassed The Netherlands and Indonesia through the lens of historical disasters. In the past as much as in the present, Indonesia’s geophysical circumstances made the region vulnerable to volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and tsunami’s. During the nineteenth and early twentieth century such disasters confronted its victims, the other inhabitants of the archipelago and Dutch authorities with considerable challenges. Organizing relief and reconstructing the affected places and societies, prompted societal and governmental responses in colonial Indonesia as well as in The Netherlands. This article centres around two case studies: the eruption of Mount Awu on Sangihe Besar in 1856, and the earthquake that struck West Sumatra in 1926. We show that cultural and political interpretations of these disasters varied considerably between Dutch and Indonesian actors. By building on new insights from the fields of New Imperial History and Disaster Studies, we understand these divergences as the results of the differences in interests, worldviews and political realities faced by those who engaged with disasters in the Netherlands East Indies. On the one hand, Dutch actors tended to frame disasters as joint experiences that bound together motherland and its colony through charity and aid in a single humanitarian space. Yet their decidedly colonial lens led the Dutch to view disasters mainly through their own interests in the archipelago, thereby obscuring the multi-layered nature of local disaster responses. We therefore foreground local disaster responses to expose the limits of colonial disaster interpretations and thereby emphasise the fragmented nature of the colonial space.
Judith Bosnak en Rick Honings‘Behoed ons arme volk voor de vulkaan-poëten’. De literaire verwerking van de Krakatau-ramp van 1883 in Nederland en Indonesië 382
Abstract (EN)
‘Save our poor people from the vulcano poets’. The literary reception of the Krakatoa disaster of 1883 in the Netherlands and Indonesia.On August 27, 1883, the volcano Krakatau in the Dutch East Indies erupted and collapsed, causing the deaths of tens of thousands, mainly as a result of devastating tsunamis. The Krakatau eruption was one of the first disasters to take place beyond the Dutch boundaries that received so much attention in the Netherlands. Because the Indies were a Dutch colony, a response of the motherland was rather logical. In many places, charity activities were organized to raise money for the victims. This article focuses on the Dutch and Indonesian literary reactions on the Krakatau disaster. For this purpose, two scholars work together: one specialized in Dutch Literary Studies and the other one in Indonesian Languages and Cultures. In the first part of the article several Dutch charity publications are analysed; the second part focuses on Indonesian sources (in Javanese and Malay). How and to what extend did the reactions in the Netherlands and Indonesia differ?
De Moderne Tijd 4 (2020) 1-2: ‘Universitaire cultuur’

De Moderne Tijd 4 (2020) 1-2: ‘Universitaire cultuur’

Tom Sintobin en Leonieke VermeerOver universitaire culturen, toen en nu 2-17
Jaap GraveJohannes Franck. Een carrière in de marge 18-35
Abstract (EN)
Johannes Franck. A career in the margins.Johannes Franck (1854-1914) was the first professor extraordinarius (1886) and in 1912 a professor of Dutch and Low German in the German empire. In this article I describe his career largely until 1886 by embedding him within the scientific community of his time. Subsequently, I show how anti-Semitism prevented him from becoming a professor of German studies and discuss the policy of appointments in Prussia. To conclude, I argue that these aspects and the difference in scientific cultures between the Netherlands and the German Empire was partly responsible for the fact that he had a marginal position in between two scientific communities.
Christiaan EngbertsEen taalkundige als internationaal ondernemer. M.J. de Goeje en de Annalen van al-Tabari (1872-1901) 36-54
Abstract (EN)
A linguist as international entrepreneur. M. J. de Goeje and the Annals of al-Tabari.Modern-day scientists and humanities scholars are often expected to possess personality traits, skills, and virtues typically associated with entrepreneurs. These include (but are not limited to) a willingness to take risks, the ability to lead a diverse team of collaborators, and a flexible mindset. The roots of the ideal of the entrepreneurial scholar, however, are older. In this article, I investigate the realization of Michael Jan de Goeje’s al-Tabari edition in the last decades of the nineteenth century. To finance this ambitious endeavour and to successfully gather and manage a team of scholarly and non-scholarly collaborators, De Goeje needed to possess all the traits, skills, and virtues mentioned above. This case study demonstrates how an entrepreneurial spirit could be an asset for ambitious nineteenth-century scholars. At the same time, it illustrates one of the ways in which seemingly modern ideals of scholarship build on existing ones.
Ruben Mantels‘Ik leef hard en dubbel’. Het academisch leven van Paul Fredericq omstreeks 1900 55-69
Abstract (EN)
‘To live a double life’. The academic life of Paul Fredericq around 1900.In this article I analyse the diary of the historian Paul Fredericq following the concept of ‘academic life’, a term coined by Johan Huizinga and further explored by Klaas van Berkel. It calls for the study of the university that goes beyond the institutional, perceiving the university as a living community with multiple interactions with society. Personal documents such as the diary of Fredericq prove to be excellent sources to this informal, anthropological view on the university. The diary reveals how the ‘personal’ life and the ‘university’ life of Fredericq intertwined and how his research and teaching was mixed up with engagements in the Flemish Movement, liberal politics and cultural world. In his diary he spoke about a double life, namely this combination of being a scientist and being a public figure. To conclude, this article discusses Fredericq as a case of the responses and concerns of universities around 1900 to the growing extra-curricular activities of the academic community.
Petra van Langen‘Er zijn voor dit vak in Nederland geen maatschappelijke vooruitzichten’. Muziekwetenschap in Utrecht, 1930-1940 70-87
Abstract (EN)
‘There are no societal prospects for this study in the Netherlands’. Musicology in Utrecht, 1930-1940.Musicology became a fully-fledged academic study in the Netherlands in 1930 when both the Chair in Musicology and the Institute for Music History were founded at Utrecht University. Using sources such as archives, newspapers, personal memories of old studies in letters, and a talk on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the institute, this article describes the history of musicology Utrecht, its curriculum and what the first professor in musicology Albert Smijers expected of his students in the first decade of the institute’s existence.
Jamilla NotebaardDe kunst van het geprojecteerde beeld. De projectielantaarn als didactisch instrument in de kunsthistorische lessen van Willem Vogelsang (1875-1954) 88-107
Abstract (EN)
The art of the projected image. The optical lantern as a didactic instrument in the Art History lectures of Willem Vogelsang (1875-1954).The optical lantern was the central medium through which Art History professor Willem Vogelsang (1875-1954) taught his students ‘how to see’. As the first ordinarius in Art History in the Netherlands, Vogelsang focused on creating the right educational setting to turn his students into professional art historians. In his lectures the optical lantern and its projected images functioned as a didactic instrument to make his students (visually) understand compositional and stylistic differences and similarities within and between artworks. The lantern allowed Vogelsang to visually open up the world of art history to a whole new generation of art historians.
Dirk AlkemadePak van SjaalmanPatriots oorlogstoerisme. Het reisverslag van Jan van Vleuten naar de frontsteden Utrecht en Woerden in de zomer van 1787 108-120
Boekzaal der geleerde wereld 121-143
  • Pieter Huistra, Bouwmeesters, zedenmeesters. Geschiedbeoefening in Nederland tussen 1830 en 1870. Nijmegen: Vantilt, 2019. (Christiaan Engberts)
  • Beatrice de Graaf, Tegen de terreur. Hoe Europa veilig werd na Napoleon. Amsterdam: Prometheus, 2018. Christine Haynes, Our friends the enemies: The occupation of France after Napoleon. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018. (Matthijs Lok)
  • Laurien Hansma, Oranjedriften. Orangisme in de Nederlandse politieke cultuur, 1780-1913. Hilversum: Verloren, 2019. (Lauren Lauret)
  • Xosé M. Nuñez Seixas en Eric Storm, red., Regionalism and modern Europe. Identity construction and movements from 1890 to the present day. Londen: Bloomsbury, 2019. (Marguérite Corporaal)
  • Leo van Bergen, Pro Patria et Patienti. De Nederlandse militaire geneeskunde 1795-1950. Nijmegen: Vantilt, 2019. (Tom Duurland)
  • Len de Klerk, Frédéric en Antoine Plate. Rotterdamse kooplieden, reders en bestuurders, 1802-1927. Hilversum: Verloren, 2019. (Ben de Pater)
  • Ron Dirven, Monique Rakhorst en Helma van der Horst, De schilders van Dongen; Ulbe Anema, Jeroen Kapelle en Dick van Veelen, De schilders van de Veluwezoom; Annemiek Rens, Barbizon van het Noorden. De ontdekking van het Drentse landschap, 1850-1950. Zwolle: WBOOKS, 2019. (Wiepke Loos)
De Moderne Tijd 2019, nr. 4

De Moderne Tijd 3 (2019) 4

Rick Honings‘Der keerlen God’ op het toneel. Willem Bilderdijks treurspel Floris de Vijfde (1808) 298-323

Abstract (EN)
The ‘God of the Peasants’ on stage. Willem Bilderdijk’s tragedy Floris de Vijfde (1808).This article focuses on Willem Bilderdijk’s play Floris de Vijfde (Floris V), which he wrote in 1808 for King Louis Napoleon. This play is studied form different perspectives in order to get a complete picture of the content, context, function and reception of this work. It offers new biographical information on Bilderdijk’s life in the context of the Kingdom of Holland and focuses on Bilderdijk’s ideas on theatre in relation to Floris de Vijfde and on his ideas about national history. Furthermore, attention is paid to the political context in which the piece was written and to the political function that it fulfilled. Finally, this article presents an extensive overview of the reception and nachleben of the play in the second half of the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century.
Ron de JongHooggespannen verwachtingen. Verkiezingen en de grondwetsherziening van 1848 324-337

Abstract (EN)
Great expectations. Elections and the consitutional reform of 1848.This article explores the causes of the low turnout at the Dutch elections in the years following the constitutional reform of 1848. The liberal reformers had hoped for an increased participation of Dutch voters after the introduction of direct suffrage, but were soon to be disappointed when after a promising start, the turnout dropped well below fifty percent. Drawing on Pierre Rosanvallon’s notions on political citizenship, this article tries to explain the low turnout.
Jan Drentje en Remieg AertsDiscussie 336-350

  • Biografie of mythologie? Een repliek (Remieg Aerts)
  • Thorbeckes wil en de wil van de geschiedenis (Jan Drentje)
Kurt BertelsPak van SjaalmanGevonden: ’s werelds eerste saxofoonconcerto 351-359
Boekzaal der geleerde wereld 360-368

  • Nel de Mûelenaere, Belgen, zijt gij ten strijde gereed? Militarising in een neutrale natie, 1890-1914. Leuven: Universitaire Pers Leuven, 2019. (Samuël Kruizinga)
  • Evelien Jonckheere, Aandacht! Aandacht! Aandacht en verstrooiing in het Gentse Grand Théâtre, Café-concert en Variététheater,
    1880-1914    . Leuven University Press: Leuven, 2017. (Veerle Driessen)
  • Henk te Velde en Maartje Janse, red., Organizing democracy. Reflections on the rise of political organization in the nineteenth century. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. (Adriejan van Veen)
  • Angelie Sens, De kolonieman. Johannes van den Bosch (1780-1844). Volksverheffer in naam van de koning. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Balans, 2019. (Rowin Jansen)
De Moderne Tijd 2019, nr. 3: Migratie en identiteit

De Moderne Tijd 3 (2019) 3: ‘Migratie en identiteit’

Van de redactieMigratie en identiteit. Ter inleiding 186-189
Anna RademakersJacobus Josephus Eeckhout. Wederwaardigheden van een Belgische schilder in Den Haag (1831-1844) 190-210

Abstract (EN)
Jacobus Josephus Eeckhout. A Belgian painter’s times in The Hague (1831-1844).In 1831, shortly after the outbreak of the Belgian Revolution, the Belgian painter Jacob Joseph Eeckhout moved from Brussels to The Hague. As a supporter of King Willem I, he no longer felt at ease in his homeland. Eeckhout remained in the Netherlands until 1843 and played an important role in the cultural life of The Hague. This article analyzes the The Hague episode in Eeckhout’s life in the light of the political developments of that time. To what extent did notions of nationality and national identity play a role in his artistic views and career?
Gertjan BroekEmigranten rond het Achterhuis van Anne Frank 211-226

Abstract (EN)
Migrants around Anne Frank’s Achterhuis.The story of Anne Frank, her family and her companions, hiding from persecution by the Nazi regime, is a well-known and – at a first glance – very Dutch one. The main divide between those in hiding and their helpers was that between being Jewish and being non-Jewish, which in those precarious times was of course the essential ‘divide’ imposed on the people of occupied Europe. But a closer look at the group of people around Anne seen from the perspective of migration and (national) identity produces different dividing lines and insights. Their life stories, converging in that one Amsterdam warehouse, reflect many aspects of early twentieth-century European history.
Caroline DrieënhuizenLeven(s) met objecten. De Europese elite van koloniaal Indonesië, haar verzamelingen en identificatie rond 1900 227-248

Abstract (EN)
Living with objects. The European elite of colonial Indonesia, its collections and identification around
1900.Many upper-class migrants from, and to, Dutch colonial Indonesia – often travelling back and forth – collected objects. By analysing the practice of collecting and the meaning these people ascribed to those artefacts, I will provide insight into the way personal, and eventually even collective, identities were formed. The manner in which objects were collected and displayed not only reflected the self-image of their owners in colonial and Dutch society, but may also have been active influences in those processes of (self)identification. The collection of objects, and the meaning ascribed to them, reflected the unequal power relations within colonial society, and simultaneously, was possible a strategy for marginalised people (such as European women) to liberate themselves from social inequality.
Marguérite Corporaal en Tom Sintobin‘Gemeen Volk’. Zigeuners in Europese streekliteratuur 249-285

Abstract (EN)
‘Common People’. Gypsies in European regional fiction.Regional fiction is a genre in which the tension between local and national cultures tends to play an important role. This article explores the representation of a category of characters that seems to escape that binary opposition: gipsies. More specifically, it analyzes six case studies from regional literature produced in Ireland and the Low Countries to find out whether we can speak of a transnational trope. Although the representation of gipsies in the case studies are different in several respects, there are also striking similarities. The most important one is that the gipsies are not just mere outsiders posing a threat to the regional community. Rather, paradoxically, they constitute a model for that local community regarding the preservation and regeneration of its own cultural values.
Boekzaal der geleerde wereld 286-296

  • Eveline Koolhaas-Grosfeld en Marij Leenders, Tussen politiek en publiek. Politieke prenten uit een opstandige tijd 1880-1919. Schiedam: Scriptum, 2019. (Paul Reef)
  • Fleur de Beaufort en Patrick van Schie, De liberale strijd voor vrouwenkiesrecht. Amsterdam: Boom, 2019. Mineke Bosch, Strijd! De vrouwenkiesrechtbeweging in Nederland, 1882-1922. Hilversum: Verloren, 2019. (Ulla Jansz)
  • Martin P. Weiss, Showcasing science. A history of Teylers Museum in the nineteenth century. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2019. (Lieske Tibbe)
De Moderne Tijd 2019, nr. 2

De Moderne Tijd 3 (2019) 2

Paul ReefKoninklijke inhuldiging ‘nieuwe stijl’? Machtsrepresentatie en betekenisverlening bij de inhuldiging van Willem III na de grondwetswijziging van 1848 98-127

Abstract (EN)
The royal inauguration’s ‘new clothes’? The representation and reception of power at the inauguration of William III after the constitutional reform of 1848.In recent years, historians have shown how royal rituals were a major site for legitimating and contesting power in Europe’s long nineteenth century. This article calls for attention to cases with a more ambiguous political meaning and function. It analyses how the Dutch King William III’s 1849 inauguration ceremony represented the new political order following the far-reaching 1848 constitutional reform. The ceremony was planned surprisingly hastily without much attention to political events and lacked symbolical value, especially compared to other countries. Although the tradition of inauguration was organized and perceived as a ritual of political transition, it ultimately had little long-term political impact.
Tessel X. DekkerDriedimensionaal nieuws. Het Nederlandsch Panopticum als concurrent van het geïllustreerde dagblad, 1882-1919 128-152

Abstract (EN)
Three-dimensional news. The Amsterdam wax museum as a competitor of the illustrated newspaper, 1882-1919.The nineteenth-century wax museum can be viewed as a contemporary mass medium that showed people scenes from the news. The Nederlandsch Panopticum was the first of its kind in the Netherlands, located in Amsterdam between 1882 and 1919. As an informative visual medium, the Panopticum had to compete with other media, like the illustrated newspaper, for the attention of the public. At the same time, the wax museum also depended on photographs published in these same papers: wax models were often, and in the course of time almost exclusively, modelled after photos. This reciprocal relationship can be seen as an example of ‘intermediality’. In the end, the wax museum lost ground, foremost, to the new mass medium of the time, cinema, which took over both as an urban attraction and as a popular visual medium.
Erica van BovenEen populaire aristocraat. Arthur van Schendel en het lezerspubliek in de jaren dertig 153-169

Abstract (EN)
A popular aristocrat. Arthur van Schendel and the reading public in the 1930s.In Dutch literary culture of the first half of the twentieth century, intellectual elite and general public were not only separate, but even opposite categories. ‘Highbrow’ and ‘middlebrow’ held polarized positions in matters of cultural hierarchy and literary taste, which led to fierce debates. Strikingly, one author was able to bridge this gap: Arthur van Schendel (1874-1946) appealed both ends of the spectrum and thus had an exceptional, connecting role in the cultural divides of the Interbelluminterwar period. This article analyses the responses to Van Schendels so-called ‘Dutch novels’ in order to find out what made Arthur van Schendel highly valued by leading professionals as well as loved by the reading audience.
Boekzaal der geleerde wereld 170-183

  • Rob Delvigne en Jan Jaap Heij, In de schaduw van Cuypers. Georg Sturm (1855-1923), monumentaal decorateur. Amersfoort: Bekking & Blitz, 2017. (Lieske Tibbe)
  • Alex Rutten, De publieke man. Dr. P.H. Ritter Jr. als cultuurbemiddelaar in het interbellum. Hilversum: Verloren, 2018. (Ward de Kock)
  • Femke Knoop, Hirsch & Cie Amsterdam (1882-1976). Haute couture op het Leidseplein. Hilversum: Verloren, 2018. (Clé Lesger)
  • Robert-Jan Wille, Mannen van de microscoop. De laboratoriumbiologie op veldtocht in Nederland en Indië, 1840-1910. Nijmegen: Vantilt, 2019. (Wessel de Cock)
  • Rob Hartmans, De revolutie die niet doorging. De tragedie van Troelstra, november 1918. Utrecht: Omniboek, 2018. (Gaard Kets)
De Moderne Tijd 2019, nr. 1

De Moderne Tijd 3 (2019) 1

Wouter Egelmeers en Joris VandendriesscheDe redacteur en het buitenland. ‘Hergebruik’ van buitenlandse historische teksten in Nederlandse periodieken, 1780-1860 2-27

Abstract (EN)
Importing texts from abroad. Editors’ reuse of foreign historical texts in Dutch periodicals, 1780-1860.This article explores the ways in which the editors of five Dutch history journals and three magazines for general circulation copied historical texts from abroad, between 1780 and 1860. By comparing original texts with reprinted versions, we show that the editors’ work involved not only ‘passive’ duplication (reprinting in full), but also more active forms of intervention, from the selection of text fragments to their translation, modification or critical review. These varied editorial practices point to a broader creative process through which historical knowledge was tailored to an emerging and nationally-oriented academic audience. Editors here assumed the role of mediators, gatekeepers even in the sense that their judgment determined the very choice of texts. At a time when the study of history was evolving at both the national and international level, and when the relationship between actors making up the disciplinary field was also in flux, editors thus became influential figures.
Willemijn RubergExpertise in gerechtsdossiers. De praktijk van de forensische psychiatrie in Nederland, 1811-1930 28-50

Abstract (EN)
Expertise in case files. The practice of forensic psychiatry in the Netherlands, 1811-1930.Research on the history of Dutch forensic psychiatry has hardly taken into account how psychiatrists functioned in practice. This article, based on 485 court cases of (child)murder, rape and arson, provides an inventory of the role of psychiatrists in the courtroom. It distinguishes between three regimes of knowledge: a first regime in the first half of the nineteenth century, when there is much overlap between lay and expert knowledge on the mind; the second from ca. 1880, when increasingly reference is made to scientific concepts and reports became standardized; and a third regime around 1920, when an emphasis on scientific methods found its way into the reports. An analysis of verdicts shows that the judges often agreed with the expert reports. The relationship between the judges and psychiatrists can be qualified as one in which judges accorded room for experts, who, however, remained subservient to the judiciary.
Koos-jan de JagerWare godsdienstzin en strenge moraliteit 51-75

Abstract (EN)
True religion and stern morality. A thematic-historical analysis of the sermons of Chief Rabbi Tobias Tal (1847-1898).The process of integration of the Jewish community in modern Dutch society was accompanied by a change of Jewish homiletics in both content and form. This article presents the case of the Dutch Chief Rabbi Tobias Tal with the aim of showing how Jewish homiletics changed in the second half of the nineteenthcentury. Based on an analysis of his sermons, this article argues that Tal successfullycombined liberal-protestant ideals and homiletical forms with old Jewish thoughts.
Willem BantNederland door Colombiaanse ogen. De roman Una holandesa en América (1888) van Soledad Acosta de Samper 76-95

Abstract (EN)
The Netherlands through Colombian eyes. The novel Una holandesa en América (1888) by Soledad Acosta de Samper.In 1888, Soledad Acosta de Samper, a well-known writer and journalist in Colombia’s capital Bogotá, published the novel Una holandesa en América. This article presents an imagological analysis of how the Dutch and the Netherlands are representedin her novel, and discusses Acosta’s possible intentions in writing thisbook as well as her reasons for choosing a Dutch protagonist. It argues that the images of the Dutch were meant to serve as examples for Acosta’s Colombian audiencein a period in which the country was still engaged in nation building after gaining independence from Spain in 1819.
De Moderne Tijd 2019-34 Mens en dier

De Moderne Tijd 2 (2018) 3-4: ‘Mens en dier’

De redactieMens en dier. Ter inleiding 195-196
Rick HoningsVriendelijke huisgezellen of ‘ingevleeschde’ duivels. Willem Bilderdijk en de dieren 197-225

Abstract (EN)
Friendly companions or ‘corroded’ devils. Willem Bilderdijk and the animals.In 1817 the Dutch poet Willem Bilderdijk published De dieren (The animals), one of his shortest but less studied didactic poems. In this work he presented a curious view on animals and their origins. With this article, I would like to contribute to the field of animal studies, by analyzing Bilderdijk’s ideas on and his contacts with animals. The first part of this article presents a biographical overview of Bilderdijk’s association with animals on the basis of available (auto)biographical texts. In the second part his didactic poem is analysed. What parallels can be drawn between both perspectives?
Lucie SedláčkováOok de vis moet duur betalen. De representatie van dieren en het vegetarisme in het werk van Herman Heijermans en andere sociaal bewogen auteurs van het fin de siècle 226-247

Abstract (EN)
The fish have to pay dearly as well. The representations of animals and vegetarianism in the works of Herman Heijermans
and other socially engaged writers of the fin de siècle.At the end of the nineteenth century, the perception of animals changed significantly due to the theory of evolution and other new ideas, which also affected a number of Dutch socialist-leaning writers. Utilizing the framework of literary animal studies, this article investigates how animals were represented in their works. Most of the examined writers present animals as sentient beings, which is also reflected by their speaking out in favour of vegetarianism. Herman Heijermans takes a more ambivalent position: some of his writings show the possibility of animal agency, whereas in others, animals are subordinate to people’s needs and are objectified.
Hanneke RonnesDe subversieve huiskat. Kunstenaars en poezen in Nederland, 1885-1910 248-266

Abstract (EN)
A new kind of love for the cat. The subversive, domestic cat of Dutch artists, 1885-1910.The nineteenth century is often hallmarked as the epoch of the birth of the pet. The life of cats in the Netherlands improved especially thanks to two groups: a bourgeois and noble elite embracing the cat in imitation of English peers, and (poor) artists who looked particularly towards France where authors and painters such as Baudelaire and Manet had adopted the cat as their alter ego. In this article Dutch artists (especially the Tachtigers or Movement of Eighty) take centre stage. They did not uncritically copy French examples but modelled their own cats, both visually and literarily.
Leen DresenBeeldessayOnderling hulpbetoon bij dieren. Gevleugelde voorbeelden in Nederlandse tijdschriften rond 1900 267-286
Ilja NieuwlandDe ambiguïteit van de dinosaurus. Zeeslangen, Iguanodons en waarom Brussel geen Diplodocus kreeg 287-311

Abstract (EN)
The Dinosaur’s ambiguity. Sea snakes, Iguanodons and why Brussels did not receive its Diplodocus.In the opening years of the twentieth century, the Scottish magnate Andrew Carnegie used the donation of plaster casts of the dinosaur Diplodocus as a means to influence European heads of state in favor of his scheme for conflict arbitration. This contribution examines the way in which these casts became a border object between the worlds of science, high and popular culture, and politics, by looking at the history of the public assimilation of dinosaurs. Specifically, it focuses on an earlier example of such donations: the Iguanodons which were given away by the Belgian state and the Belgian king Leopold ii personally, after 1890. These developments collided when Carnegie’s donation of a Diplodocus was cancelled after Leopold’s reputation began to suffer when details of the Congolese genocide became known to the public. This illustrates that for Carnegie, despite the cultural and scientific appeal of his donations, politics remained at the center of his campaign.
Irena KozmanováKeizer Wilhelm II als wapen in debatten over hondenfokkerij. Voor de bureaucratie werd de keizer irrelevant 312-325

Abstract (EN)
Emperor Wilhelm II as dog owner. Instrumentalisation of the monarchy in dog breeding debates.Nineteenth century European rulers could not consider hunting or dog ownership a private choice. Regarding the role dog breeding had started to play in society, every decision made by the vips of that time was perceived as a political indication; the contemporary public discussed the choices and commented on them. Various groups and individuals even used them as argument to support their own claims. The article shows on two cases – firstly, the exploitation of Wilhelm II to the advantage of the dachshund lobby and secondly, a conflict between a hunting dog club and the ministry of agriculture – that the Emperor, long before 1918, was losing credit among influential parts of the society, based on new views on nature and animal treatment. Wilhelm’s hunting behaviour was perceived as obsolete and neither the use of the imperial authority as argument aimed at substantiating one’s claims could persuade the state bureaucracy that already oriented itself on scientific and transparent dog breeding policy.
Peter KoolmeesHet doden van dieren in Nederland, 1860-1940. Een onbehaaglijk onderdeel van de mens-dierrelatie 326-347

Abstract (EN)
The killing of animals in the Netherlands, 1860-1940. A inconvenient part of the human-animal relationship.This article explores the rise of the animal protection movement and its propaganda to improve the humane killing of animals in the Netherlands. From 1880 onwards, veterinarians became advisors of animal protection societies because they were considered objective judges with scientific knowledge of animal physiology. Between 1880 and 1922 cruelty to animals decreased significantly by the development and introduction of asphyxiation cages for pets and stunning equipment for slaughter animals. Although criticized, ritual slaughter remained legal. The debate on killing methods for animals with the tensions between scientific knowledge and emotions has been with us for one and a half centuries and continues today.
Boekzaal der geleerde wereld 348-352

  • Dik van der Meulen, Jac. P. Thijsse. Natuurbeschermer en schrijver. Zeist: KNNV; Amsterdam: Heimans en Thijsse Stichting, 2018. (Marga Coesèl)
  • Catherine Wijnands, Thuis in elke tijd. Het leven van Kate Kolff (1885-1974). Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 2018. (Marieke Dwarswaard)